Confined rubberised concrete tubular column for high-performance structures – Review

Over the last two decades, rubberised concrete has emerged as a promising sustainable solution for structural members that possess capacity high energy dissipation, damping potential, and ductility. The literature is replete with some effective confinement techniques to negate effect of reduction columns due introduction rubber particles. These ideas have innovated concrete-filled tubular more recently hybrid double-skin active passive provided by steel, different types fibre-reinforced polymers, triaxial loading. scope this paper limited review existing on confined columns, summary materials incorporated in these discussion their response failure patterns under axial loads. Literature reveals traditional aggregate replacement aggregate, section shape, material, confining process, etc. significant effects behaviour columns. Although analytical models provide close approximation test results, new design formulae been suggested researchers. Statistical analysis results obtained from prediction carried out outcomes were compared. Recommendations further investigation are also provided.